The Science Initiative Group (SIG) at Princeton's Institute for Advanced Study in the USA is an international team of scientific leaders and supporters dedicated to fostering science in developing countries. SIG and TWAS have repeatedly collaborated over the years, inter alia in publishing some of the volumes in TWAS's Excellence in Science series.
 

Founded in 1848, the American Association for the Advancement of Science seeks to "advance science, engineering, and innovation throughout the world for the benefit of all people." AAAS and TWAS collaborate at the interface of science and diplomacy, jointly operating an annual summer course in science diplomacy.